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Rabu, 18 Desember 2013

BANKRUPTCY LAW FIRM FOR BANKRUPTCY



BANKRUPTCY LAW FIRM FOR BANKRUPTCY

According to Law No.. 37 of 2004 on Bankruptcy and Suspension of Payments Debt, bankruptcy is a general confiscation of all property and the administration of the bankruptcy debtor pemberesannya conducted by curator under the supervision of the supervisory judge. While a debtor is declared bankrupt already declared unable to pay debts utangya again.
If the decision has been handed down by the bankruptcy court to the debtor the debtor will lose all rights to control and manage the property of their possessions, as well as new debt is no longer secured by the property. This principle is very detrimental to the debtor because the debtor was insolvent and its debts, while many of their possessions were seized by the court. This is not in accordance with Islamic principles which if a person has a lot of debt then it's easy to be able to pay its debts in full instead of their possessions confiscated. If his property was confiscated then could not pay off its debts from assets which would pay his debt just do not have. Therefore, the bankruptcy laws need to be revised because it has been detrimental to the debtor.

Sumber: Dhaniswara K. Harjono. Pemahaman Hukum Bisnis bagi Pengusaha. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada. 2006.



INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS



INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS

In the era of globalization, an agreement made by operators include provisions on tariffs and perdaganangan. In the development of dilated on things that include aspects of trade in the field of intellectual property rights. An examination of the law including intangible material because it can be transferred. Intellectual property rights serves as:
a. Protect innovation, creativity, as well as to reward to anyone for an invention, design, and brand
b. Give exclusive rights for a certain period
Various kinds of intellectual property rights: copyright, trademark, patent, trade secrets, industrial designs, plant variety protection, layout and design of integrated circuits.  intellectual property rights is very much on free trade because they have the strategic aspects, both in terms of businesses and the country side. In addition, registration of intellectual property rights is very important because it aims to secure legal status and protection of ownership and as a proof of the registration certificate issued intellectual property rights.
Therefore, registration of intellectual property rights is essential for the inventor that the invention has been found to be claimed by someone else. Many cases that occurred in Indonesia on the intellectual property rights of Pendet call it Bali claimed by Malaysia. If the invention has been registered it will get legal protection andnot no claim to the invention, thus the importance of intellectual property rights registration.

Sumber: Dhaniswara K. Harjono. Pemahaman Hukum Bisnis bagi Pengusaha. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada. 2006.

Selasa, 17 Desember 2013

The concept of employment relationship Wafirotul Haifa 11220010


The concept of employment relationship

Employment relationship is a legal relation ship between workers and employers that have an element that there are jobs, wages and labor relations orders occurred after the employment agreement between workers and employers or employer. Employment relationship is a legal relationship that is performed by at least 2 subjects of law regarding a job. The subject of labor relations law sare entrepreneur/employer to the worker/laborer. Employment relationship is at the coreof industrial relationsin the country.

Element of the employment relationship, the first is the existence of a job, the job that is free in accordance with the agreement between the worker and the employer, provided it does not conflict with the laws, morals and public order. The second element that is under the command, in the employment relationship is the employer's position as an employer so that he has the right and also the obligation to provide the commands associated with the job. The position of labor is the party who receives the order to carry out the work. The relationship between the worker and the employer is committed relationship between superiors and subordinates that are subordinated. 

The third element is the presence of a certain wage be rewarded for the work that has been done by workers. The definition of wages under the provisions of Article 1 paragraph 30 of Law No 13 of 2003 is the right of workers/laborers received and expressed in terms of money as compensation from the employer or the employer to the worker/laborer is determined and paid under an employment agreement, agreements or regulations legislation including allowances for workers/laborers and their families for a job or service that would have been done. Each job has the right to earn a decent human beings (Article 88, paragraph 1), decent size is relative. And the fourth element is time, meaning laborers for the specified time or for an indefinite time or for ever. Proper time is related to the employment agreement specified time or a particular workplace agreement or better known to the public by the employment contract. The working hours of workers in 1 week is 40 hours/week. Under the provisions of Article 50 of Law No 13 of 2003, the employment relationship is due to the employment agreement between the employer and the worker/laborer.

Minggu, 15 Desember 2013

various hiwalah and pillars hiwalah

Various Hiwalah
Hanafi hiwalah split into several parts . In terms of the object of the contract , hawalah can be divided in two:
a.       Hiwalah al Haqq : When is it transferred the right to sue a debt.
b.      Hiwalah Ad - dain : That if the transferred debt obligations.

From the other side hiwalah divided into two:
a.       Al Hiwalah al Muqoyyadah : ( Displacement conditional ) is displacement in lieu of debt payments first party to the second party.
b.      Al Hiwalah al Muthlaqah : ( absolute displacement ) is the removal of the debt that was not confirmed sebagsi lieu of debt payments first party to the second party.[1]
Pillars Hiwalah
Hanafiyah cleric who became pillars found hiwalah is
a.       Consent (statement did hiwalah) of the first party.
b.      Qabul (statement receives hiwalah) from the second and third .
Meanwhile, according to scholars jumhur consisting of Malikiyah , syafiinya and Hanabilah , hiwalah there are six pillars namely :
a.       The first party
b.      The second party
c.       third parties
d.      Debt first party to the second party
e.      Debt third party to the first party
f.        Shigat ( statement hiwalah )[2]



[2] Ibnu Qudama, al mughi jilid IV, h. 530