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Sabtu, 19 Oktober 2013

Foreign currencies


By: Kiki Ayu R
11220013
Is a foreign currency such as U.S. dollars , British Pound , Euro , Australian Dollar , Malaysian Ringgit , and so on . In case of international trade that each country needs foreign exchange as a means of payment in the world of foreign exchange trading is called . For example, Indonesian exporters require foreign exchange for the import of the country . With so timbulah supply and demand of foreign exchange market .
Islam recognizes the value of foreign currencies from time to time in sunnatullah ( market mechanisms ) . If the change is too high , then the intervention pemerinta required to maintain currency stability , because Islam wants the creation stabilita exchange . Recording rate and money buying and selling foreign currency held in foreign exchange market . Which in fact is the exchange of different currencies value .
Buying and selling currency in contemporary jurisprudence termed an naqt tirajah . Or in the books of fiqh called al - Sharf , who penertiannya is the exchange of property with the property in the form of gold or silver , both with each other with a quantity of the same kind , meupun with the different types with the same quantity of the same atu . Since currencies are now considered equal to gold and silver .
Currency trading law is permissible for fulfilling its terms . If a similar resale . For example , the rupiah to dollars , or dollars to dollars , the condition :
a. There must be similarities quantity , which must equal nlainya
b . There should be a handover ceremony at the panel . So it must be in cash and there should be no delay in handover
As if that were not similar resale . For example : As the rupiah to the dollar , the condition is made ​​in cash


Name   : Baerin Oktaviani (11220012)


Islamic bank is a bank that implement sharia system with various contract-contract sharia. One of the existing contract in Islamic banks Musharaka contract. Musharaka contract is an agreement between two or more parties to perform certain business. Each party contributing funds. Gains or losses will be shared in proportion to the agreed since the beginning.[1]

Musharaka contract applications are not only found in Islamic banks, but Musharaka contract is often practiced in life, one of them in the running of a business or other trade. In terms of the law firm (firma) known as the firm of which there Musharaka contract. According Slagter, firm is an agreement that was aimed towards cooperation between two or more continuously in running a business under a common name.[2]

Businesses in the form of firm if the terms of Islamic economics is by using Musharaka contract, because in it there is a partnership with both contributing equity between the parties and those parties also have an obligation to run the business with the same goal which is to make a profit .

Thus a person who carries on business in the form of firm, if you want to use a contract based on Islamic principle, it must use a Musharaka contract. Because of the capital or the results obtained from the join contributions of the parties who run the business. And  each party not only to invest alone but must join to run the business, and the loss will be shared as agreed in the agreement.




[1] Irma Devita Purnamasari, Suswinarno Panduan Lengkap Hukum Praktis Populer Kiat-Kiat Cerdas, Mudah, Dan Bijak Memahami Akad Syariah. (Bandung:Kaifa, 20111).hlm:92
[2] Mulhadi, Hukum Perusahaan Bentuk-bentuk Badan Usaha di Indonesia.(Bogor:Ghalia Indonesia,2010).hlm:4