MK tragedy, tarnished the law in Indonesia (TRI AYU RIWAYANI, NIM : 11220035)

MK tragedy, tarnished the law in Indonesia

TRI AYU RIWAYANI, NIM : 11220035

Secretary General of the National Democratic Party (NasDem) Patrice Rio Capella judge, tragedy riots in the state higher judiciary Constitutional Court (MK) has tarnished the face of law in the country of Indonesia. "The incidence of violence in the courtroom should not happen, because that is done by the mob increasingly tarnished the face of law in our country," Patrice said in a brief message, Jakarta, Friday (11/15/2013). Patrice also said that the tragedy has shown the world the extent of legal civilization in Indonesia in the context of understanding the law as a commander. "It shows the level of civilization of a nation state, therefore the perpetrators must be dealt with firmly and punished in accordance with the existing rules," said Patrice. As reported earlier, the decision of Election dispute Maluku province in the Constitutional Court ended in dispute. Dozens of supporters of one candidate for governor and vice governor partner to enter the courtroom and barely beat the judges.

Electoral System:

1. Subsystem devices; organizer, example in Indonesia (the Commission, Election Commission, Supervisory Committee, Panwasda, the Supreme Court - District Court, Constitutional Court, the Independent Supervisory Authority, Institutions Fast Counters Election Results - Quick Count)

2. Subsystem substance; Regulation Election - Election Law to the Election Commission regulations, as well as the court verdict related to the election.

3. Culture subsystem; democratic culture of the people to elect and be elected, as well as the intelligence and character of the people (characters idealistic ideological, idealistic relegius, idealistic logical, and materialistic; no money no vote).

REFERENSI :

1.      http://nasional.sindonews.com/read/2013/11/15/13/806067/tragedi-mk-mencoreng-hukum-di-indonesia, 26/11/2013 pukul 08.03.

2.      Power point oleh Imam Sukadi, Hukum Tata Negara.

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MEANING ZAKAT IN PROPERTY OF A MUSLIM (TRI AYU RIWAYANI, NIM : 11220035)

MEANING ZAKAT IN PROPERTY OF A MUSLIM

TRI AYU RIWAYANI, NIM : 11220035

Zakat is isim masdar of word-zaka yazku-Zakah. Because the basic word zakat is zaka which means blessing, grow, clean, nice, and grow. According Malikiyah charity is issuing a special piece of property that has reached nishabnya to those who deserve it, if it belongs to perfect and achieve haul besides minerals, plants and Rikaz. Lessons charity reflected the urgency to improve the condition of society, both moral and material aspects, in which the charity can unite its members like a torso, as well as to cleanse the soul of a miserly and stingy nature, as well as a bastion of safety in an Islamic economy can ensure continuity and stability.Zakat is an obligation that has been agreed upon by Muslims. Zakat obligations stipulated in the Qur'an and Sunnah in general or specifically that have been established as part of a religious duty. If a Muslim deny any obligations he has to deny Islam because Islam is a unified whole, not separate between liability obligations to one another.Zakat is required to free the Muslim people (not slaves), which has the full right of property shall be due, and has reached nishab. Therefore, zakat is not obliged to Gentiles. As for those who lapsed, suspended his property. If he returns to Islam, then he is obliged to issue a charity. If he had been issued a charity when he was still in a state of apostasy then the charity is returned to him, and when he died in a state of apostasy then his property belongs to the State and deposited in the state treasury.

Zakat has some terms and conditions shall be valid. According to scholars jumhur ulama zakat mandatory requirement consists of:
1. Islam
2. independent
3. Baligh and sensible
4. Issued treasure is a treasure that must dizakati

REFERENSI :

1.      Fakhruddin, Fiqih & Manajemen Zakat di Indonesia ( Malang : UIN-Malang Press, 2008 ), h. 13 dan 23-24

2.      Abdul Aziz Muhammad Azzam, dkk, Fiqh Ibadah ( Jakarta : AMZAH, 2010 ), h.345-347.

3.      http://ucupcup.blogspot.com/2013/05/makalah-pengertian-zakat-hukum-zakat.html, 26/11/2013 pukul 06.30.

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TAX (TRI AYU RIWAYANI (11220035))

TAX

TRI AYU RIWAYANI , NIM : 11220035

According Rochmat Soemitro, taxes are a cash contribution to the people of the State by law can not be forced to receive services that directly lead can be shown, and are used to pay for general expenses.For inclusion on the State skilful, in addition to the state income tax is also known as "retribution" and "donation". The meaning of retribution is a cash contribution to the people of the State under the law (which can be forced) to get services that can directly lead shown by the government. While collecting the donation was made ​​by the government to a certain group of people with contra directly from the government given to a certain group of people.

There are two tax functions, namely:
1. Budgetair function, as the tax funds for the government to finance expenditures-expenditures.
2. Regulerend functions, taxes as a means to organize or carry out government policy in the field of social and economic.

Terms of taxation:
1. Taxation should be fair (fairness requirement)
2. Taxation should be based on the law (juridical terms)
3. Not disrupt the economy (economic terms)
4. Taxation should be efficient (financial condition)
5. The tax system should be simple

In general, the tax applicable in Indonesia can be divided into the Central and Local Taxes Tax. Tax Center is the taxes administered by the Central Government in this regard partly managed by the Directorate General of Taxation - Ministry of Finance. While Local Taxes are taxes administered by local governments at both the provincial and district / city.

REFERENSI :

1.      Mokhammad Najih,dkk, pengantar Hukum Indonesia ( Malang : Setara Press, 2012), h. 226.

2.      Mardiasmo, Perpajakan ( Yogyakarta : CV Andi Offset, 2011 ), h. 1-2.

3.      Sony, devano. Siti, kurnia, rahayu, Perpajakan Konsep, Teori, dan Isu (Jakarta, kencana 2006), hal. 41

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